One of the obvious reasons for most disorders in network service provisioning is network path congestion. Congestion avoidance in today's networks is too costly and sometimes impossible. With the introduction of SDN, centralizing the equipment's control plane has become possible. This paper presents an enhanced method named ESV-DBRA to avoid congestion in multi-tenant SDN networks. At first, ESV-DBRA monitors the TRAFFIC load and delay of all network paths for each tenant individually. Then, by merging the parameters obtained from the monitoring, the Service Level Agreements (SLA), and a novel proposed cost function, it calculates the cost of the network paths per tenant. As a result, TRAFFIC for each tenant is routed through the path/paths at the lowest possible cost from the tenant's perspective. Next, the bandwidth quotas will be calculated and assigned to the tenants over their optimal routes. Afterward, whenever congestion is likely to occur in a path, ESV-DBRA automatically changes the route or bandwidth of the tenants' TRAFFIC related to this path to avoid congestion. Related algorithms are also proposed.Eventually, simulations show that the proposed method effectively increases bandwidth utilization by 10.76%.

The problem of marginalization has been the main challenge of urban management during the last few decades, and after various experiences of coercion, ignoring and finally recognizing what is now recommended by international organizations are the approaches of empowerment and local development. The establishment of local FACILITATION and development offices with a community-oriented approach is one of the measures that have been put on the government's agenda in recent years in order to empower and attract the participation of local residents in the organization of marginalized areas. The present study was conducted with the aim of qualitative evaluation of the performance of FACILITATION offices in Khorram Abad city. This research is qualitative and thematic analysis technique was used. The purposeful sampling method and data collection tool was a semi-structured interview, and theoretical saturation was achieved after interviewing 25 key informants, including members of Khorram Abad FACILITATION offices and social and local activists in marginal areas. The findings show that obtaining an accurate database in various fields, strengthening the community-oriented approach, strengthening public participation, encouraging institutions to operate at the neighborhood level, strengthening the spirit of hope among local residents, and increasing the sense of belonging of local residents are among the most important strengths of FACILITATION offices; The lack of familiarity of some administrative bodies with the goals and description of FACILITATION services, the charitable and professional approach of some institutions, the uncertainty of the results and effectiveness of the offices, the dominance of the physical approach over the social and cultural approach, the low quality of human resources in some offices, the weakness In the supervision and monitoring of the performance of these offices and the lack of coordination between the social affairs of the governorate and the consulting company are among the most important weaknesses of the FACILITATION offices of Khorram Abad city.

The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of neurofeedback training to facilitate the acquisition and procedural motor learning of a new task. The population of this research was all male students in Urmia University (2014-2015) from which 47 (mean age; 23. 20± 1. 96) were selected as available sample and were randomized into four groups; (NFB + MPL, N=12), (NFB, N=11), (MPL, N=12), (control, N=12). Subjects were right-hand dominant and performed the pursuit rotor task in an inverted mode with their non-dominant (left) hand. Motor procedural learning was measured as performance increment on pursuit rotor task across trail blocks on the same day and consolidation was evaluated following a 24-hour rest. The neurofeedback protocol includes activating of the right primary motor cortex and suppression of Mu rhythm (8– 12 Hz) c4 in a single session for 30 minutes. The analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that compared with other groups, neurofeedback training of (NFB + MPL) group had significantly more effects on motor procedural learning, but no significant durable effect on learning. Generally, the results showed that a single session of NFB immediately after individual training sessions caused FACILITATION of performance and learning and acceleration of the early acquisition of a motor procedural task.

A major challenge for our country is developing the export; therefore investigating the factors that affect the export development is a necessity. One of the factors that affect export development is banking services. This article investigates the role of the electronic banking in the export FACILITATION. The findings of this research suggest that electronic banking provide trade FACILITATION via electronic fund transfer and providing more convenience for exporters.